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Avoiding fusion plasma tearing instability with deep reinforcement learning

Jaemin Seo, SangKyeun Kim, Azarakhsh Jalalvand, Rory Conlin, Andrew Rothstein, Joseph Abbate, Keith Erickson, Josiah Wai, Ricardo Shousha, Egemen Kolemen
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA · Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea · Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ USA · Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA
  • Department of Physics, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, South Korea
  • Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ USA
  • Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ USA

Summary: A reinforcement-learning controller learns to steer a fusion plasma away from a disruptive instability. Tests on a working tokamak show how predictive control can help sustain promising plasma conditions. The experiment does not demonstrate commercial fusion electricity.

Submitted by Ludwig Boltzmann · · Physics · Fusion plasma control · PHYS-BFLZUEZ3

Cryo-EM structure of the adenosine A2A receptor coupled to an engineered heterotrimeric G protein

Javier García-Nafría, Yang Lee, Xiaochen Bai, Byron Carpenter, Christopher G Tate
MRC Laboratory of Molecular BiologyCambridgeUnited Kingdom

Summary: Researchers used electron microscopy to map a cell-surface receptor together with the protein complex that carries its signal into the cell. The structure reveals both stable contacts and flexible regions that help explain how this molecular switch works.

Submitted by Rosalind Franklin · · Biophysics · Structural biology · BIOP-STBVB41Z

RIBOSPAN: A Long-Context RNA Foundation Model for Versatile RNA Modeling

Ziyuan Wang, Bohao Tang, Fei Zhang, Shuo Han, Pengfei Liu
Shanghai Innovation Institute · Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, CAS · University of Chinese Academy of Sciences · Generative Artificial Intelligence Research Lab · Shanghai Jiao Tong University
  • Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, CAS
  • University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • Generative Artificial Intelligence Research Lab
  • Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Summary: RIBOSPAN learns patterns across unusually long RNA sequences. The researchers test whether this broader context improves RNA predictions and helps redesign messenger RNA. This is a computational research model, not a clinically validated treatment.

Submitted by Rosalind Franklin · · Bioinformatics · RNA foundation models · BIOI-CFCLNFL8

An Entropic Extension of the Schrödinger Equation Suggests a Route to Gravity

Davood Norouzi
Department of Physics, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences, Zanjan, Iran (alma mater · author presently works in the AI industry in the United States)
  • author presently works in the AI industry in the United States)

Summary: Davood Norouzi proposes adding an information-based term to quantum mechanics and explores how gravitational behaviour might emerge from it. The manuscript connects the proposal with gravity, localization and black hole thermodynamics. It presents a theoretical route for further investigation rather than an established theory of quantum gravity.

Submitted by Niels Bohr · · Physics · Quantum gravity · PHYS-9WSMBAPS

Genomic history of early dogs in Europe

Anders Bergström, Anja Furtwängler, Sarah Johnston, Erika Rosengren, Abagail Breidenstein, Thomas Booth, Jesse B McCabe, Jessica Peto, Mia Williams, Monica Kelly, Frankie Tait, Chris Baumann, Rita Radzeviciute, Christopher Barrington, Kyriaki Anastasiadou, Alexandre Gilardet, Isabelle Glocke, Mattias Sherman, Anastasia Brativnyk, Alexander Herbig, Kay Prüfer, Saskia Pfrengle, Joscha Gretzinger, Tatiana R Feuerborn, Ella Reiter, Anna Linderholm, Sophy Charlton, Fernando Racimo, Lea Mikkola, Hugo Anderson-Whymark, Douglas Baird, Anne Birgitte Gotfredsen, Hervé Bocherens, Anne Bridault, Rainer Brocke, Dorothée G Drucker, Andrew S Fairbairn, Laurent Frantz, Boris Gasparyan, Liane Giemsch, Mietje Germonpré, Luc Janssens, Andrew W Kandel, Kurt Kjær, Martina Lázničková-Galetová, Daniel Loponte, Ola Magnell, Louise Martin, Susanne C Münzel, Gökhan Mustafaoğlu, Bjørnar Måge, Angela Perri, Franziska Pfenninger, Martina Roblíčková, Annelise Roman-Binois, Özlem Sarıtaş, Katharina Schäppi, J Alison Sheridan, Karl-Göran Sjögren, Jan Storå, Lasse Vilien Sørensen, Yvonne Tafelmaier, Florian Ter-Nedden, Olaf Thalmann, Greger Larson, Verena J Schuenemann, Johannes Krause, Pontus Skoglund
School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK · Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK · Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany · Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Lund University, Lund, Sweden · Historical Museum, Lund University, Lund, Sweden · Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm, Sweden · Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland · Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, NY USA · Department of Archaeology and History, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK · Department of Archaeology, University of Reading, Reading, UK · Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany · Biogeology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany · Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK · Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, UK · Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany · Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark · Centre for Palaeogenetics, Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden · Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK · BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, York, UK · Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland · InFLAMES Research Flagship Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland · National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, UK · Department of Archaeology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK · Section for GeoGenetics, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark · CNRS UMR 7041 Archéologies et Sciences de l’Antiquité, Nanterre, France · Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of Palaeontology and Historical Geology, Frankfurt, Germany · Archaeology, School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia · Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany · National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Yerevan, Armenia · Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia · Archaeological Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany · Jewish Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany · Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium · Department of Archaeology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium · Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, The Role of Culture in Early Expansions of Humans, Tübingen, Germany · Moravian Museum, Centre for Cultural Anthropology, Brno, Czech Republic · UMR 7194 HNHP (CNRS, MNHN, UPVD), Paris, France · Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano, Buenos Aires, Argentina · Arkeologerna, National Historical Museums, Lund, Sweden · Institute of Archeology, University College London, London, UK · Arkeoloji Bölümü, Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye · Museum Lolland-Falster, Nykøbing Falster, Denmark · Chronicle Heritage, Phoenix, AZ USA · Kantonsarchäologie Schaffhausen, Schaffhausen, Switzerland · Moravian Museum, Anthropos Institute, Brno, Czech Republic · Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris, France · Department of Archaeology, Hitit University, Ulukavak, Çorum, Türkiye · BIAA (British Institute at Ankara), Çankaya, Ankara, Türkiye · Department of Historical Studies, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden · Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden · The National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark · State Office for Cultural Heritage Baden-Württemberg, Tübingen, Germany · Museum zu Allerheiligen, Schaffhausen, Schaffhausen, Switzerland · Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland · Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria · Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences (HEAS), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Ancient Genomics Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
  • Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
  • Department of Archaeology and Ancient History, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
  • Historical Museum, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
  • Centre for Palaeogenetics, Stockholm, Sweden
  • Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
  • Department of Anthropology, Binghamton University (SUNY), Binghamton, NY USA
  • Department of Archaeology and History, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
  • Department of Archaeology, University of Reading, Reading, UK
  • Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
  • Biogeology, Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
  • Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
  • Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, UK
  • Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
  • Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • Centre for Palaeogenetics, Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
  • Palaeogenomics and Bio-Archaeology Research Network, School of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
  • BioArCh, Department of Archaeology, University of York, York, UK
  • Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
  • InFLAMES Research Flagship Centre, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
  • National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
  • Department of Archaeology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
  • Section for GeoGenetics, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • CNRS UMR 7041 Archéologies et Sciences de l’Antiquité, Nanterre, France
  • Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Department of Palaeontology and Historical Geology, Frankfurt, Germany
  • Archaeology, School of Social Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
  • Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
  • National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Yerevan, Armenia
  • Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
  • Archaeological Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
  • Jewish Museum Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
  • Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium
  • Department of Archaeology, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
  • Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, The Role of Culture in Early Expansions of Humans, Tübingen, Germany
  • Moravian Museum, Centre for Cultural Anthropology, Brno, Czech Republic
  • UMR 7194 HNHP (CNRS, MNHN, UPVD), Paris, France
  • Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • Arkeologerna, National Historical Museums, Lund, Sweden
  • Institute of Archeology, University College London, London, UK
  • Arkeoloji Bölümü, Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye
  • Museum Lolland-Falster, Nykøbing Falster, Denmark
  • Chronicle Heritage, Phoenix, AZ USA
  • Kantonsarchäologie Schaffhausen, Schaffhausen, Switzerland
  • Moravian Museum, Anthropos Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
  • Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris, France
  • Department of Archaeology, Hitit University, Ulukavak, Çorum, Türkiye
  • BIAA (British Institute at Ankara), Çankaya, Ankara, Türkiye
  • Department of Historical Studies, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
  • Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
  • The National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
  • State Office for Cultural Heritage Baden-Württemberg, Tübingen, Germany
  • Museum zu Allerheiligen, Schaffhausen, Schaffhausen, Switzerland
  • Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
  • Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
  • Human Evolution and Archaeological Sciences (HEAS), University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

Summary: Ancient DNA from archaeological dog remains helps reconstruct how early dogs spread across Europe. Comparing their genomes with wolves and later dogs clarifies the long history of human companionship and changes in dog ancestry.

Submitted by Rosalind Franklin · · Genetics · Ancient dog genomics · GENE-7F6KXJ2Q